Herbs Past

Valerian

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a perennial herb. It is hardy in USDA zones 4-9. Valerian is native to continental Europe excluding Portugal, Spain, and Greece. It prefers well-drained, consistently moist soil; and it grows in full sun or partial shade. Mature plants are 3-5 feet tall.

In traditional medicine valerian is esteemed for its hypnotic, antispasmodic, and sedative effects. Both Gerard (1597) and Culpepper (1649) recommended it for the treatment of convulsive coughing (croup). For additional information about the medical uses of valerian see “Radix Valerianae” in WHO monographs on selected medicinal plants, volume 1, World Health Organization, Geneva, 1999, pages 267-276. (Available without cost on-line.) In the early 20th century, valerian was very widely cultivated in England, Germany, Holland, and the United States.

Today valerian is commonly used as an ingredient in dietary supplements sold to alleviate insomnia or reduce anxiety. Before taking, checking with a licensed medical practitioner is recommended to make sure valerian doesn’t interact with other medications or supplements. See, for example, “Valerian: A safe and effective herbal sleep aid?” https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/insomnia/expertanswers/valerian/faq-20057875

Valerian is commonly grown in cottage gardens. Deadheading plants is necessary to restrict prolific seed production. In several parts of Canada and in some northern states (such as Wisconsin and Maine) valerian is considered to be a dangerously invasive species. In the Victorian language of flowers valerian represents “an accommodating disposition”.

Herbal Trivia: Cats are extremely attracted to valerian root. For genetic studies of wild cats in the Pyrenees, live traps were baited with valerian root.

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